1H-1H TOCSY

The following figure is the gradient based 2D TOCSY pulse sequence with the main parameters displayed (NMR500).

Procedure (on NMR500)

• Temperature must be regulated. Currently FTS is used to regulate temperature. temp control in vnmrJ is turned off. Check VT operation procedure here if VT experiments are to be done.
• Turn spin OFF.
• Gradients amplifier should be turned on (displays RUN). Check the box sitting on the console. If front control button is on Standby, flip it to ON.
• Type pfgon='nny' su to allow gradient pulses.
• Lock and shim your sample as usual. Keep lock at ~70-80% after shimming.
• Find proper sw and tof to use
• Under exp1 (type jexp1 to go there), collect a standard 1H spectrum (nt=1 is Ok for this, but 4 gives cleaner spectrum)
• Put the box cursor to enclose the signal region and to include ~10% flat baseline area at each end of the peak region. Type movesw. This command sets a new spectral width sw and spectrum center tof.
• Re-collect a 1D 1H spectrum with the new setting. Type wft f full. Reference the 1H spectrum carefully.
• Load standard 2D TOCSY data file
• Join a different experiment (i.e. jexp2 or create it with cexp(2) if it doesn't exist).
• From exp2, type mf(1,2) to move fid from exp1 to exp2. Type wft f full to display spectrum. Check reference.
• Type setexp('tocsy') su to load standard TOCSY parameters. Solvent, spectral width, and center are copied over from 1D spectrum.
• Tune 1H channel. Accuracy of pre-calibrated pw depends on probe tuning.
• Check/set proper 1H transmitter power and pulse width. If solvent is CDCL3, tpwr=57 pw=9.5. For other solvents, calibrate pw according to this procedure.
• Use default parameters values (~20 mins experiment) except the following:
• pw=XXX pw90=pw (value calibrated with your solvent at tpwr=57)
• Optionally, for better quality data (may results in longer data collection time):
• ss=32 (more dummy scans before data collection)
• nt=8 (or 12, 16, 24, 28, ... 4*n) for more sensitivity and less artifacts
• ni=400 (better resolution along indirect dimension)
• d1=2 (for less artifacts and sensitivity, but doubles data collection time)
• Type time to check experiment time.
• Type go to collect data.
• Watch for ADC or receiver overflow:
• In arrayed experiments such as 2D's, a fixed gain (not autogain) must be set. Watch the receiver overflow light and the ADC overflow error message immediately after the experiment starts. If the receiver overflows (red light blinks on VT display) or ADC overflow message is seen above the command area anytime during the experiment except during the dummy scan period, it is likely the data are ruined. Stop the experiment and reduce gain by 2-4 at a time until the overflow disappears. The default (gain=36) works most of the time unless there is an extremely strong 1H signal in your sample. With a gain above 20, it makes only small differences.

Default parameters

The default setting (modified from Varian's default values) in our parameter set uses the following for a quick 2D COSY:

• ni=128 (128complex points along indirect dimension. For better resolution, set ni bigger, ie. ni=256)
• d1=1 (recycle delay between scans is 1 sec)
• ss=16 (16 dummy scans before actual data collection)
• nt=4 (4 scans)
• phase=1,2 (phase-sensitive mode in indirect detection)
• gain=36 (reduce it by 2 at a time if receiver or ADC overflows)
• sspul='y' (spin randomization before recycle delay with homospoil gradients turned on)
• mix=0.080 (TOCSY spinlock mixing time is 80 msec)

Data Processing

You can use vnmrJ to process the data, but vnmrJ's graphics display for 2D spectrum leaves much to be desired. A separate program is strongly recommended for detailed processing and analysis.

One of the most widely used free processing/display software package for multi-dimensional NMR data processing is nmrPipe/nmrDraw. This program package has been installed on NMR500 and the data station. Follow this procedure to process data with nmrPipe/nmrDraw.

Example spectrum collected on NMR500

Sample: Strychnine at ~ 25mg/mL (~ 100mM) in cdcl3 Data collected October 2010 (~21 mins with nt=4) TOCSY mixing time: 80 msec Processed and displayed with nmrPipe/nmrDraw

H. Zhou Updated Nov 2010